Bibliography

Last Updated: December 17, 2008

Academic resources

Baker, Bruce. "Policing and the Rule of Law in Mozambique." Policing and Society 13, no. 2 (2003): 139-58.

Bland, Douglas L. "A Unified Theory of Civil-Military Relations." Armed Forces and Society 26, no. 1 (1999): 7-25.

Call, Charles T., and William Stanley. "Civilian Security." In Ending Civil Wars: The Implementation of Peace Agreements, edited by Stephen John Stedman, Donald Rothchild, and Elizabeth M. Cousens. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2002.

Cawthra, Gavin, and Robin Luckham. "Democratic Control and the Security Sector: The Scope for Transformation and Its Limits." In Governing Insecurity: Democratic Control of Military and Security Establishments in Transitional Democracies, edited by Gavin Cawthra and Robin Luckham. London: Zed Books, 2003.

De Waal, Alex, ed. Demilitarizing the Mind: African Agendas for Peace and Security. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 2002.

Francis, David J. "Linking Peace, Security, and Developmental Regionalism: Regional Economic and Security Integration in Africa." Journal of Peacebuilding and Development 2, no. 3 (2006): 7-20.

Hagelin, Björn, and Elisabeth Sköns. "The Military Sector in a Changing Contest." In SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments, Disarmament, and International Security. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. 

Hänggi, Heiner. "Security Sector Reform (SSR)." In Post-Conflict Peacebuilding: A Lexicon,edited by Vincent Chetail. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

Hänggi, Heiner, and Vincenza Scherrer. Towards a Common UN Approach to Security Sector Reform: Lessons Learned from Integrated Missions. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2007.
 
Hendrickson, Dylan, and Andrzej Karkoszka. "Security Sector Reform and Donor Policies." In Security Sector Reform and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding, edited by Albrecht Schnabel and Hans-Georg Ehrhart. Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2005.

Hood, Ludovic. "Security Sector Reform in East Timor, 1999-2004." International Peacekeeping 13, no. 1 (2006): 60-77.

Luckham, Robin. "Democratic Strategies for Security in Transition and Conflict." In Governing Insecurity: Democratic Control of Military and Security Establishments in Transitional Democracies, edited by Gavin Cawthra and Robin Luckham. London: Zed Books, 2003.

Luckham, Robin. "The Discordant Voices of Security." Development in Practice 17, no. 4/5 (2007): 682-90.

Muggah, Robert. "Emerging from the Shadow of War: A Critical Perspective on DDR and Weapons Reduction in the Post-Conflict Period." Contemporary Security Policy 27, no. 1 (2006): 190-205.

Murray, Tonita. "Police-Building in Afghanistan: A Case Study of Civil Security Reform." International Peacekeeping 14, no. 1 (2007): 108-26.

Narayan, Deepa, Robert Chambers, Meera Kaul Shah, and Patti Petesch. Voices of the Poor: Crying Out for Change. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.  

Nitzschke, Heiko, and Kaysie Studdard. "The Legacies of War Economies: Challenges and Options for Peacemaking and Peacebuilding." International Peacebuilding 12, no. 2 (2005): 222-39.

Picciotto, Robert. "Aid and Conflict: The Policy Coherence Challenge." Conflict, Security and Development 4, no. 3 (2004): 543-62.

Rubin, Barnett R. "Peace Building and State-Building in Afghanistan: Constructing Sovereignty for Whose Security?" Third World Quarterly 27, no. 1 (2006): 175-85.

Sayigh, Yezid. "Security Sector Reform in the Arab Region: Challenges to Developing an Indigenous Agenda." Amman: Arab Reform Initiative, 14 December 2007.
 
Schnabel, Albrecht, and Hans-Georg Erhart, eds. Security Sector Reform and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding. Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2005. 

Tschirgi, Necla. "The Security-Development Nexus: From Rhetoric to Understanding Complex Dynamics." In Swiss Yearbook of Development Policy 2006. Berne: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, 2006.

Woodward, Susan L. "In Whose Interests is Security Sector Reform? Lessons from the Balkans." In Governing Insecurity: Democratic Control of Military and Security Establishments in Transitional Democracies, edited by Gavin Cawthra and Robin Luckham. London: Zed Books, 2003.

Yasutomi, Atsushi. "Linking DDR and SSR in Post-Conflict States: Agendas for Effective Security Sector Reintegration." Central European Journal of International and Security Studies 2, no. 1 (2008). 

Yasutomi, Atsushi, and Jan Carmans. "Building Local Ownership in Security Sector Reform: Challenges for Local and External Actors in Post-conflict States." Cahiers Internationale Betrekkingen en Vredesonderzoek 80 (2007): 39.

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Policy analysis and practitioner documents

Albasoos, Hani. "Palestinian Security: Pressing Call for Security Sector Reform." Ottawa: International Development Research Centre, 2005.

Amnesty International. Timor-Leste: Briefing to the Security Council Members on Policing and Security in Timor-Leste. London: Amnesty International, 6 March 2003. 

Anderlini, Sanam Naraghi. Negotiating the Transition to Democracy and Reforming the Security Sector: The Vital Contributions of South African Women. Washington, DC: Women Waging Peace, August 2004.

Anderlini, Sanam Naraghi, and Camille Pampell Conaway. "Security Sector Reform." In Inclusive Security, Sustainable Peace: A Toolkit for Advocacy and Action, 31-40. London: International Alert/Women Waging Peace, 2007.

Bajraktari, Ylber, Arthur Boutellis, Fatema Gunja, Daniel Harris, James Kapsis, Eva Kaye, and Jane Rhee. "The PRIME System: Measuring the Success of Post-Conflict Police Reform." Report prepared for the United Nations Police, January 2006.
 
Ball, Nicole. "Civil Society, Good Governance, and the Security Sector." In Civil Society and the Security Sector, ed. Marina Caparini, Philipp Fluri, and Ferenc Molnar. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2006.
 
Ball, Nicole. Dilemmas of Security Sector Reform: Response to Security Sector Reform in Developing and Transitional Countries. Berlin: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management, August 2004.
 
Ball, Nicole. "World Bank/IMF: Financial and Programme Support for SSR." In Intergovernmental Organisations and Security Sector Reform, edited by David Law. Munster: Lit Verlag, 2007.
 
Ball, Nicole, Eric Scheye, and Luc van de Goor. From Project to Program: Effective Programming for Security and Justice. The Hague: Netherlands Institute of International Relations Conflict Research Unit, December 2007.
 
Ball, Nicole, and J. Kayode Fayemi, eds. Security Sector Governance in Africa: A Handbook. London: Centre for Democracy and Development, 2004.

Banerjee, Dipanker, and Mallika Joseph. "Security System Reform in Asia-Pacific." In Security System Reform and Governance. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2005. 

Born, Hans, ed. Handbook on Parliamentary Oversight of the Security Sector. Geneva: Geneva Centre forthe Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2003.

Born, Hans, and Ian Leigh. Making Intelligence Accountable: Legal Standards and Best Practice for Oversight of Intelligence Agencies. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces/University of Durham/Parliament of Norway, 2005.
 
Bourne, Mike, and Owen Greene. "Armed Violence, Governance, Security Sector Reform, and Safety, Security and Access to Justice." Bradford: Centre for International Cooperation and Security, September 2004.

Bryden, Alan. "Linkage between DDR and SSR: Understanding the DDR-SSR Nexus: Building Sustainable Peace in Africa." Paper prepared for the Second International Conference on DDR and Stability in Africa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, June 12-14, 2007. 

Bryden, Alan, and Heiner Hänggi, eds. Reform and Reconstruction of the Security Sector. Münster: Lit Verlag, 2004.

Bryden, Alan, and Marina Caparini, eds. Private Actors and Security Governance. Münster: Lit Verlag, 2006.
 
Bryden, Alan, Timothy Donais, and Heiner Hänggi. Shaping a Security Governance Agenda in Post-Conflict Peacebuilding. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, November 2005.
 
Brzoska, Michael, and Andreas Heinemann-Grüder. "Security Sector Reform and Post-Conflict Reconstruction under International Auspices." In Reform and Reconstruction of the Security Sector, edited by Alan Bryden and Heiner Hänggi. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2004.

Call, Chuck. Police Reform, Human Rights and Democratization in Post-Conflict Settings: Lessons from El Salvador. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank, June 1998.

Caparini, Marina. "Enabling Civil Society in Security Sector Reconstruction." In Security Governance in Post-Conflict Peace-Building, edited by Alan Bryden and Heiner Hänggi. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2005.

Chaana, Jane. Security Sector Reform: Issues, Challenges and Prospects. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Chappuis, Fairlie, and Heiner Hänggi. "Security Sector Reform and State-Building." In State-Building, edited by Julia Raue and Patrick Sutter. Leiden: BRILL, 2009.

Cooper, Neil, and Michael Pugh. Security Sector Transformation in Post-Conflict Societies. London: Centre for Defence Studies, February 2002.

Council of the European Union. "EU Concept for ESDP support to Security Sector Reform (SSR)." Council doc. 12566/4/05, 2006.

Craig, David, and Doug Porter. "Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers: A New Convergence." World Development 31, no. 1 (2003).

Duffield, Mark. "Human Security: Linking Security and Development in an Age of Terror." Paper prepared for the panel, New Interfaces between Security and Development at the 11th General Conference of EADI, Bonn, Germany, September 21-24, 2005.

Duffield, Mark. "Social Reconstruction and the Radicalisation of Development: Aid as a Relation of Global Liberal Governance." In State Failure, Collapse and Reconstruction, edited by Jennifer Milliken. Oxford: Blackwell, 2003.

Donais, Timothy, ed. Local Ownership and Security Sector Reform. Münster: Lit Verlag, 2008.

Fayemi, J. Kayode. Comments on the Human Security Aspect of the Poverty Reduction Guidelines. London: Centre for Democracy and Development, 2001.

Fayemi, J. Kayode. "Governing Insecurity in Post-Conflict States: The Case of Sierra Leone and Liberia." In Reform and Reconstruction of the Security Sector, edited by Alan Bryden and Heiner Hänggi, 1-27. Münster: Lit Verlag, 2004.
 
Friends for Peace and International Alert. Nepal at a Crossroads: Strengthening Community Security in the Post-Conflict Context. Philadelphia, PA: Friends for Peace/International Alert, July 2007.

Ghebali, Victor-Yves. "The OSCE's SSR Operational Activities: A Piecemeal Approach with Limited Results." In Intergovernmental Organisations and Security Sector Reform, edited by David Law. Münster: Lit Verlag, 2007.
 
Ginifer, Jeremy. Support for DDR and SSR after Conflict in Africa: Lessons Learnt and New Agendas in Africa, Conflict Prevention, Management and Reduction in Africa. Helsinki: Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, 2007.

Giustozzi, Antonio. "Good" State vs. "Bad" Warlord? A Critique of State-Building Strategies in Afghanistan. London: Crisis States Research Centre, October 2004.

Groenewald, Hesta, and Gordon Peake. Police Reform through Community-Based Policing: Philosophy and Guidelines for Implementation. New York: International Peace Academy/Saferworld, September 2004.
 
Gumedze, Sabelo. DynCorp International: Africas Security Sector Reform Champion? Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 30 August 2007.
 
Hänggi, Heiner. "Approaching Peacebuilding from a Security Governance Perspective." In Security Governance in Post-Conflict Peacebuilding, edited by Alan Bryden and Heiner Hänggi, 3-19. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2005.
 
Hänggi, Heiner. "Conceptualizing Security Sector Reform and Reconstruction." In Reform and Reconstruction of the Security Sector, edited by Alan Bryden and Heiner Hänggi. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2004.
 
Hänggi, Heiner, and Vincenza Scherrer. Security Sector Reform and UN Integrated Missions: Experience from Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Haiti, and Kosovo. Münster: Lit Verlag, 2008.
 
Hänggi, Heiner, and Vincenza Scherrer. Towards a Common UN Approach to Security Sector Reform: Lessons Learned from Integrated Missions. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2007. 

Hendrickson, Dylan. A Review of Security Sector Reform. London: Conflict, Security and Development Group, 1999.

Hendrickson, Dylan. "Overview of Regional Survey Findings and Policy Implications for Donors." In Security System Reform and Governance. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2005. 

Hendrickson, Dylan, and Nicole Ball. "Trends in Security Sector Reform (SSR): Policy, Practice and Research." Paper prepared for the workshop, New Directions in Security Sector Reform, Ottawa, Canada, November 3-4, 2005. 

International Alert and Women Waging Peace. Inclusive Security, Sustainable Peace: A Toolkit for Advocacy and Action. London: International Alert/Women Waging Peace, November 2004.
 
International Crisis Group (ICG). Reforming Haiti's Security Sector. Brussels: ICG, 18 September 2008.

International Peace Academy. Strengthening the Security-Development Nexus: Assessing International Policy and Practice since the 1990s. New York: International Peace Academy, 2004.
 
International Peace Academy. The Security-Development Nexus: Conflict, Peace and Development in the 21st Century. New York: International Peace Academy, May 2004.

International Peace Academy. The Security-Development Nexus: Research Findings and Policy Implications. New York: International Peace Academy, 2006.
 
Jolly, Richard, and Deepayan Basu Ray. National Human Development Reports and the Human Security Framework: A Review of Analysis and Experience. Sussex: Institute of Development Studies, April 2006.
 
Kumar, Dhruba. "Police Reform and Military Downsizing." In Policing in Nepal: A Collection of Essays. London: Saferworld, September 2007.

Lilly, Damian, Robin Luckham, and Michael von Tagen Page. A Goal Oriented Approach to Governance and Security Sector Reform. London: International Alert, 2002. 

Mancini, Francesco. In Good Company? The Role of Business in Security Sector Reform. London: Demos, 2005.
 
Marenin, Otwin. Restoring Policing Systems in Conflict Torn Nations: Process, Problems, Prospects. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, June 2005.
 
McCartney, Clem, Martina Fischer, and Oliver Wells. Security Sector Reform: Potentials and Challenges for Conflict Transformation. Berlin: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management, 2004. 

McFate, Sean. Securing the Future: A Primer on Security Sector Reform in Conflict Countries. Washington, DC: United State Institute of Peace, 2008. 

Melmot, Sébastien. "Candide au Congo: Lechec announcé de la réforme du secteur de sécurité (RSS)." Paris: Ifri, Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Défense, September 2008.

Middlebrook, Peter, and Gordon Peake. Right-Financing Security Sector Reform. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Amherst Political Economy Research Institute, February 2008. 

Montreux Document on Pertinent International Legal Obligations and Good Practices for States Related to Operations of Private Military and Security Companies during Armed Conflict. Montreaux: Swiss Initiative/International Committee of the Red Cross, 17 September 2008. 

Nathan, Laurie, ed. No Ownership, No Commitment: A Guide to Local Ownership of Security Sector Reform. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2007.

NDdiaye, Boubacar. "Beyond Demobilization: Challenges and Opportunities for Security Sector Reform in the Central African Republic." World Bank Multi-Country Demobilization and Reintegration Program Working Paper No. 2,  2007. 

Oder, Sandra. Moving Forward: Liberia's Achievements in Engendering Security Sector Reform. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 22 September 2008.
 
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Development Assistance Committee (OECD DAC). OECD DAC Handbook on Security System Reform: Supporting Security and Justice. Paris: OECD, 2007.
 
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Development Assistance Committee (OECD DAC). Security System Reform and Governance. Paris: OECD, 2005.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Development Assistance Committee (OECD DAC). The DAC Guidelines: Helping Prevent Violent Conflict. Paris: OECD, 2001.
 
Perito, Robert M. The Coalition Provisional Authoritys Experience with Public Security in Iraq. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace, April 2005.

Pyakurel, Subodh Raj. "Human Rights and Policing in Nepal." In Policing in Nepal: A Collection of Essays. London: Saferworld, September 2007.
 
Rathmell, Andrew, Olga Oliker, Terrence K. Kelly, David Brannan, and Keith Crane. Developing Iraq's Security Sector: The Coalition Provisional Authority's Experience. Santa Monica, CA: RAND National Defense Research Institute, 2005.

Rees, Edward. Security Sector Reform (SSR) and Peace Operations: Improvisation and Confusion from the Field. Geneva: United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations, March 2006.

Richards, Anna, and Henry Smith. Addressing the Role of Private Security Companies within Security Sector Reform Programmes. London: Saferworld, January 2007.

Saferworld. Developing a Common Security Sector Reform Strategy. London: Saferworld, January 2006.
 
Saferworld. Policing in Nepal: A Collection of Essays.London: Saferworld, September 2007.

Sedra, Mark. Challenging the Warlord Culture: Security Sector Reform in Post-Taliban Afghanistan. Bonn: Bonn International Centre for Conversion, 2002.

Sedra, Mark. "Security First: Afghanistans Security Sector Reform Process." Ploughshares Monitor 24, no. 4 (2003).

Sherman, Jake. "SSR in Afghanistan." SSR Bulletin 11 (2007): 2.

Slocombe, Walter B. "Iraq's Special Challenge: Security Sector Reform Under Fire." In Reform and Reconstruction of the Security Sector, edited by Alan Bryden and Heiner Hänggi. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2004.

Small Arms Survey. "Critical Triggers: Implementing International Standards for Police Firearm Use." In Small Arms Survey 2004. Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2004.
 
Small Arms Survey. "Stabilizing Cambodia: Small Arms Control and Security Sector Reform." In Small Arms Survey 2006. Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2006.
 
United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID). Security Sector Reform Policy Brief. London: DFID, November 2003.
 
United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID). Understanding and Supporting Security Sector Reform. London: DFID, 2002.
 
United Nations Development Fund for Women. Gender Sensitive Police Reform in Post Conflict Countries. Geneva: United Nations Development Programme, October 2007.
 
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Security Sector Reform and Transitional Justice: A Crisis Post-Conflict Programmatic Approach. Geneva: UNDP, March 2003.
 
United Nations Office for West Africa. "Background Paper." Paper prepared for the workshop on Security Sector Reform and Conflict Prevention in West Africa: Challenges and Opportunities, Dakar, Senegal, November 22-25, 2004. 

Valasek, Kristin. "Security Sector Reform and Gender." In Gender and Security Sector Reform Toolkit, edited by Megan Bastick and Kristin Valasek. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces/Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights/United Nations International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women, 2008.

Von Gienanth, Tobias, and Wibke Hansen. "Post-Conflict Peacebuilding and National Ownership: Lessons from the Sierra Leone Peace Process." Paper prepared for the International Seminar by the Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Center and the Center for International Peace Operations, in cooperation with the Department for International Development, Accra, Ghana, December 1-3, 2005.

Von Tangen Page, Michael, and Olivia Hamill. Security Sector Reform and Its Role in Challenging Radicalism. Copenhagen: Danish Institute for International Studies, 2006.

Wulf, Herbert. Security Sector Reform in Developing Countries: An Analysis of the International Debate and Potentials for Implementing Reforms with Recommendations for Technical Cooperation. Eschborn: GTZ, October 2000. 

Wulf, Herbert. Security Sector Reform in Developing and Transitional Countries. Berlin: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management, 2004.

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United Nations official documents

United Nations. "Maintenance of International Peace and Security: Role of the Security Council in Supporting Security Sector Reform." Concept paper prepared by the Slovak Republic for the Security Council open debate. UN Doc. 2007S/2007/72 (9 February 2007).

United Nations. "Statement by the President of the Security Council." UN Doc. S/PRST/2007/3, 21 February 2007.

"Report of the Secretary-General on Women, Peace and Security." UN Doc. S/2006/770, 27 September 2006.

"Report of the Secretary-General on Securing Peace and Development: The Role of the United Nations in Supporting Security Sector Reform." UN Doc. A/62/659-S/2008/39, 23 January 2008.

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Websites

United Nations

United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations Office of Rule of Law and Security Institutions 

United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations Peacekeeping Best Practices Unit

United Nations Development Programme Bureau of Crisis Prevention and Recovery
 
United Nations Office for West Africa 

United Nations Peacebuilding Commission

Regional organizations

African Union
 
Economic Community of West African States

European Commission
 
GTZ Security Sector Reform Program

International Security Sector Advisory Team, Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces 

North Atlantic Treaty Organization Partnership Action Plan for Defense Institution Building
 
North Atlantic Treaty Organization Partnership for Peace

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Development Assistance Committee 

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe 

Non-governmental organizations

Bonn International Center for Conversion
 
Centre for Conflict Resolution
 
Centre for Democracy and Development

International Alert
 
Saferworld
 
Search for Common Ground: Resource Guide on Security Sector Reform

Small Arms Survey: Security Sector Reform (SSR) in General
 

Research centers, networks, and databases

African Security Sector Network

Centre for Security Sector Management, Cranfield University

Clingendael Security and Conflict Programme Conflict Research Unit
 
Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces 

Global Facilitation Network for Security Sector Reform
 
Human Security Network

Institute for Security Studies
 
Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies 

International Association of Chiefs of Police

International Peace Institute
 
Southern African Defense and Security Management Network

Western Balkans Parliamentary Forum on Small Arms and Light Weapons

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